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Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use is believed to increase the risk for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), presumably by altering the bacteria normally found in the gut. To further investigate this presumption, researchers conducted a prospective, open-label trial involving 12 healthy volunteers.
Stool samples were obtained at baseline and 4 weeks, after which all participants received 40 mg of omeprazole twice daily for 4 weeks, and another stool sample was obtained. Half of the participants then stopped the PPI, and half continued it for an additional 4 weeks. A final stool sample was collected from all at 12 weeks. Samples were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
Although PPI therapy did not affect overall bacterial diversit…