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Central sleep apnea (CSA) involves decreased drive to breathe during sleep, leading to absence of airflow and respiratory effort. Causes of CSA include cardiac disease, chronic opioid use, and neurological conditions such as stroke and neuromuscular disease. The authors of this multicenter, randomized, controlled, manufacturer-sponsored trial investigated the efficacy of transvenous neurostimulation for the treatment of CSA.
In the treatment group, a system that included a neurostimulator, a sensing lead, and a stimulation lead allowed for stimulation of the phrenic nerve to provide a diaphragmatic response similar to normal breathing. The system was implanted in control participants but not activated during the trial period. Both groups und…