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To analyze the incidence of cognitive decline in those with and without preexisting or incident diabetes mellitus, researchers tracked 7740 participants aged ≥65 years from the Chicago Health and Aging Project. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was determined based on the use of hypoglycemic medications, Medicare claims with the diagnosis, or both. Participants completed tests of executive function, episodic memory, and the Mini Mental State Examination every 3years for up to 12 years. The researchers compared a composite cognitive score between those with and those without incident or preexisting DM after adjustment for age, sex, education, body-mass index, hypertension, stroke, and antihypertensive and statin medication use. Differences between part…