Microbial Translocation and Gut Inflammation Inhibits Control of Acute SIV Replication

Within days after acute SIV infection of macaques, plasma levels of microbial DNA increased significantly, perhaps crippling the host's ability to contain the infection.

Acute HIV infection typically results in rapid dissemination of virus throughout the immune system, with profound permanent disruption of the immune system and establishment of chronic viremia. To test the hypothesis that early translocation of bacterial products from the gut to peripheral blood amplifies viral replication, rectal infection of macaques with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was used to assess markers of bacterial translocation, inflammation, and levels of target T cells.

Eight macaques were infected rectally with SIV and were acutely infected; peak viral loads at 15–18 days ranged from 6.4 to 7.2 Log₁₀ copies/L plasma and later reaching chronic infection (viral load range, 3.2–5.2 Log₁₀ copies/mL). Measurements of 16S …

Reviewing Author

Keith Henry, MD

Disclosures

Consultant/Advisory BoardViiV Advisory Board

Editorial BoardsJAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Keith Henry, MD

Disclosures

Consultant/Advisory BoardViiV Advisory Board

Editorial BoardsJAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Microbial Translocation and Gut Inflammation Inhibits Control of Acute SIV Replication

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Reviewing Author