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A growing proportion of gram-negative pathogens have become resistant to a wide variety of β-lactam antibiotics by mechanisms involving β-lactamases. These resistance genes are coded on plasmids and can spread rapidly even between different gram-negative species. Bacterial resistance based on β-lactamases can be overcome using β-lactamase inhibitors. Avibactam, a diazabicyclo octane, is a novel β-lactamase inhibitor with potent activity against class A (CTX, KPC), class C (AmpC), and some class D (OXA) β-lactamases.
In a manufacturer-supported study, researchers evaluated the performance of ceftazidime-avibactam in vitro on 11,185 gram-negative lower respiratory tract isolates (including 1097 from ventilator-associated pneumonia) collected f…