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Virtually all of the attention given to traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the military has been focused on combat injuries and on its confounding relationship with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A far too frequent but often neglected cause of TBI is intimate partner violence (IPV) in female veterans, who have a 60% greater lifetime risk for IPV than non-veteran women. Both TBI and PTSD can be consequences of IPV, and almost 20% of women hospitalized in Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities have IPV-related TBI lifetime histories. These researchers examined the occurrence of IPV-related TBI and its association with IPV-related PTSD in 224 women who reported lifetime IPV and were enrolled in a larger study of female veterans' preferences reg…