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Vascular risk factors have been associated with incident dementia, but little is known about the association between intracranial atherosclerosis and cognitive status. Researchers from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Neurocognitive Study investigated this association in white and black U.S. participants who underwent cognitive evaluation, functional assessment, and magnetic resonance imaging from 2011 to 2013. All participants of the ARIC Neurocognitive Study were survivors of the initial ARIC cohort assessed from 1987 to 1989. Atherosclerotic plaques were defined as eccentric wall thickening based on magnetic resonance angiography. Cognitive status was categorized as normal, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia, base…