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One-time screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in asymptomatic older male ex-smokers (age range, 65–75) lowers AAA-related mortality, but not all-cause mortality. Available evidence does not support population-based screening for peripheral artery disease (PAD), but PAD is associated with earlier cardiovascular-related and all-cause mortality. However, we do not have data on screening for AAA and PAD simultaneously.
In a population-based trial using comprehensive Danish health registries, investigators randomized more than 50,000 older men to receive invitations to one-time screening for AAA (>30 mm on ultrasound), PAD (ankle–brachial index, <0.9 or >1.4), and hypertension (systolic blood pressure [BP] >160 mm Hg or diastolic BP >100…