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When last reviewed (Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001; 155:1311), most primary care–based interventions to support early childhood development (ECD) were found to be ineffective. An updated meta-analysis now reviews 48 studies (published 1999–2017) of 24 newer interventions, including three main types: general developmental support; general behavioral development (some targeted for children with behavioral problems); and interventions for specific developmental issues, such as colic and literacy. Intervention intensity ranged from meeting with a developmental specialist at every well child visit to group visits and videotaped materials. Efficacy was evaluated by randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental design.
Results included the foll…