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Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is reported in 3.2% of people aged ≥50 years and in 5.3% of those aged ≥70 years. Previous studies have shown that malignant transformation affects up to 20% of patients, but overall survival (OS) has not been established.
To examine outcomes and prognostic factors associated with MGUS, Mayo Clinic investigators conducted an observational study in which 1384 MGUS patients were followed for a median of 34.1 years. At diagnosis, patients (mean age, 72 years) had a median M protein level of 1.2 g/dL, and 33% had an abnormal free light-chain ratio.
Results were as follows:
Median OS was shorter in patients with MGUS compared with a control matched population (8.1 vs. 12.4 years; P<0.001); O…