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To examine actions of ketamine on communication between neural networks, investigators used functional MRI to illustrate neural network changes 2 and 10 days after a single infusion of an antidepressant dose of ketamine in 33 patients with treatment-resistant nonpsychotic major depressive disorder (MDD) and 25 normal controls. Participants received either placebo or ketamine, and 2 weeks later they crossed over to the other treatment so that ketamine could be compared with placebo in all.
Compared with controls, people with MDD showed less connectivity between the resting-state default mode network (DMN) and a number of regions, including the insula and occipital gyrus. Administration of ketamine was associated with normalized connectivity b…