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Interventions to assist children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) commonly engage mothers, but ADHD in mothers might affect how well they participate in treatment. To examine the effects of first addressing mothers' ADHD symptoms on outcomes of parent-child ADHD training, investigators in Germany conducted a multicenter, multiphased, randomized, controlled trial in 143 mothers (mean age, 38) with DSM-IV ADHD (mostly combined type; 71% with comorbid psychiatric disorders, most prevalently depressive disorders) and their children with ADHD (mean age, 9 years; boys, 73%; combined type, 52%; oppositional defiant disorder, 30%). Mothers were receiving no current therapy or pharmacological treatment; prior to and during the tr…