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Based on extensive evidence of adverse metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes, the World Health Organization recommends that dietary sugar be restricted to less than 10% of total energy intake. Other dietary carbohydrates (such as starches and fiber) have been less well-studied. Researchers performed systematic reviews and meta-analyses of 185 prospective cohort studies and 58 randomized clinical trials in which markers of dietary carbohydrate quality and critical clinical outcomes (or predictors of such outcomes) were reported.
In cohort studies of total dietary fiber consumption, participants who consumed more fiber had significantly lower relative risks for all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD)–related mortality, cancer-related…