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Psychotic adverse effects from stimulants are well documented in stimulant abusers but have been infrequently studied in individuals prescribed stimulants for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These researchers examined insurance claims during 2004–2015 for adolescents and young adults (age range, 13–25) with new stimulant prescriptions for ADHD and no psychosis diagnoses or treatments.
Propensity scores were used to match people taking methylphenidate (MPH) and those taking amphetamine (110,923 in each group), with 143,286 person-years of follow-up (which ended with psychosis diagnosis, stimulant discontinuation, or study end). The primary outcome (a new diagnostic code for psychosis plus antipsychotic prescription) was met b…