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Preprocedure infection prophylaxis for dental procedures — allegedly to prevent endocarditis or prosthetic joint infections — is a substantial source of antibiotic prescribing. However, in 2007, new guidelines narrowed the cardiac indications to patients with prosthetic valves, previous infective endocarditis, certain congenital heart diseases, and cardiac transplant with valvulopathy (NEJM JW Gen Med Jul 1 2007 and Circulation 2007; 116:1736); in 2013, a new guideline recommended against antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures in patients with prosthetic joints (J Bone Joint Surg Am 2013; 95:745). To determine whether antibiotic prescribing complied with these changes, researchers conducted a retrospective study of 91,000 U.S. dent…