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Evidence is mixed regarding the relation between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which commonly are found in fish and various plants, and glucose metabolism. In this meta-analysis of 83 randomized trials that involved 121,000 participants with and without diabetes, researchers sought to determine the effects of increasing intake of PUFAs (ω-3 fatty acids, ω-6 fatty acids, α-linolenic acid, and total PUFAs) on glucose metabolism and risk for type 2 diabetes.
Omega-3 fatty acids had no effect on measures of glucose metabolism (i.e., glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting serum insulin, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance) or risk for diabetes. Similar results were obtained for α-linolenic acid, ω-6 fatty acids, and total PUFAs; however, the…