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Studies have shown that oral immunotherapy (OIT) is effective at desensitizing patients to peanut allergen, but we don't know whether this can lead to permanent tolerance. Researchers in California enrolled 120 children and adults (age range, 7–55) with peanut allergies to test the long-term effectiveness of peanut OIT.
Patients were randomized to one of three groups:
Build-up dosing to achieve 4000 mg of peanut powder (≈14 peanuts) daily for 2 years, then switch to placebo (oat flour) daily for 1 additional year
Build-up dosing to achieve 4000 mg of peanut powder daily for 2 years, then switch to 300 mg of peanut powder (≈1 peanut) daily for 1 additional year
Placebo for 3 years
In the two active groups, 85% of patients passed a 4000-mg oral ch…