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For people at average risk for colon cancer, U.S. guidelines recommend screening colonoscopy every 10 years (NEJM JW Gen Med Aug 1 2016 and JAMA 2016; 315:2564); however, this recommendation is based on limited evidence. In this meta-analysis of 28 observational studies, researchers determined the prevalence of colorectal neoplasia at follow-up colonoscopy after a negative index colonoscopy.
The prevalences of any colorectal neoplasia (adenomas and cancers) at 1 to 5 years, 5 to 10 years, and >10 years after negative index colonoscopy were 20.7%, 23.0%, and 21.9%, respectively. The corresponding prevalences for cancers or advanced adenomas (defined as ≥9 mm in size, tubulovillous or villous histology, or high-grade dysplasia) were 2.8%, 3.2%…