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Pharmacological and behavioral treatments of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can reduce symptoms by approximately 40% to 60% in half the patients with the disorder, but even with the best treatments, about 10% remain severely afflicted. A possible treatment for refractory OCD is deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting such areas as the ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule (vALIC), subthalamic nucleus, and nucleus accumbens. Worldwide, probably only about 250 patients with treatment-refractory OCD have been treated with DBS. Now, in the largest open study of bilateral stimulation of vALIC yet described, investigators report a 12-month follow-up in 70 Dutch patients (54 consecutive patients and 16 from a previous study; 22 men; me…