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Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a serious anaerobic infection that often occurs in hospitalized children. To determine incidence and risk factors for community-acquired CD, researchers reviewed records from a large managed-care health system for 728,000 children ages 1 to 17 years who had stool testing for CD from 2012 to 2016. The 499 children who tested positive for CD and had diarrhea (at least 3 stools per day) with or without gastrointestinal symptoms were compared to closely matched controls who tested negative and had non-CD diarrhea.
The overall annual incidence of community-acquired CDI was 13.7 per 100,000 children and was highest in children ages 1 to 2 years. Annual incidence increased from 9.6 to 16.9 per 100,000 ove…