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In the ASPREE study, 19,000 older people (median age, 74) without histories of cardiovascular disease or dementia were randomized to receive 100 mg of aspirin or placebo daily. During 5 years of treatment, aspirin did not lower rates of disability-free survival, incident dementia, or adverse cardiovascular events (NEJM JW Gen Med Oct 15 2018 and N Engl J Med 2018; 379:1499, 1509, 1519).
Participants underwent a battery of cognitive tests at the beginning and end of the trial, which allowed the researchers to take this closer look at cognitive outcomes. New-onset dementia occurred in 3% of participants in both the aspirin and placebo groups; nearly all cases were classified as clinically probable or possible Alzheimer disease. The incidence o…