Adjuvant Osimertinib for Resected EGFR-Mutated Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Patients with early-stage resected EGFR-mutated non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are treated no differently than other NSCLC patients. Several retrospective analyses have indicated that giving these patients an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor as adjuvant therapy might be beneficial, given that it provides superior survival in the metastatic setting compared with chemotherapy.

To test that hypothesis further, investigators conducted an industry-funded, international, randomized, double-blind, phase III trial (ADAURA), in which 682 NSCLC patients with completely resected EGFR-mutated NSCLC were assigned to receive adjuvant osimertinib or placebo for 3 years. Patients were allowed to receive adjuvant chemotherapy.

Results were as follows:

• Diseas…