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Infection of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (the primary vector of dengue) with Wolbachia pipientis bacteria confers resistance to disseminated dengue infection in the mosquito, rendering it incapable of transmitting dengue virus. Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes then mate with wild-type mosquitoes, producing wolbachia-infected progeny. In a trial in Yogyakarta, Indonesia (where dengue is endemic), investigators randomly assigned geographic clusters to distribution of A. aegypti eggs infected with a particular strain of wolbachia (intervention) or no distribution (control). The primary endpoint was symptomatic virologically confirmed dengue (VCD) among the 8144 residents (age range, 3–45) who had lived in any trial area for 10 days preceding illness…