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The 2018 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol suggests decisions about lipid-lowering medications be based on risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD; NEJM JW Cardiology Jan 2019 and J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; e285). For people with risk on the borderline for treatment, the guidelines recommend evaluation of risk-enhancing factors (e.g., family history of premature ASCVD; chronic kidney disease; metabolic syndrome; premature menopause; elevated inflammatory and lipid biomarkers; low ankle-brachial index [ABI]), with consideration of coronary artery calcium (CAC) testing to further refine risk. Investigators from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis assess…