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Three randomized trials have shown no difference in outcomes between antibiotic treatment and no antibiotic treatment for patients with mild acute diverticulitis (Br J Surg 2012; 99:532; Br J Surg 2017; 104:52; NEJM JW Gen Med Jul 1 2020 and Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 19:503). However, because these trials involved hospitalized patients (who might have received other beneficial interventions, such as vigorous intravenous hydration), some critics argue that their results might not apply to outpatients. Now, Spanish researchers have conducted a randomized trial that involved 480 outpatients with no significant comorbidities who presented to emergency departments with uncomplicated acute diverticulitis (i.e., only wall thickening and inc…