Characterizing Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibodies in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody–associated disease (MOGAD) is being recognized increasingly in adults and children and needs to be distinguished from multiple sclerosis (NEJM JW Neurol Dec 19 2022 and Ann Neurol 2022 Sep 11; [e-pub]). To identify correlations between MOG antibodies and clinical findings, investigators retrospectively identified 255 patients, including 57% with MOG antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 31% in serum only, and 12% in CSF only.

Those with MOG antibodies in CSF only usually were adults, more often had myelitis, more often had oligoclonal bands (in 52%), and had higher disability scores after a median of 9 months of follow-up. Of the 31 patients with MOG antibodies in CSF only, 4 (13%) ha…