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Interferon lambda induces antiviral immunity and has fewer side effects than other interferons, perhaps because its receptor has a relatively limited tissue distribution. Now, investigators report results of a phase 3 clinical trial of pegylated interferon lambda involving approximately 2000 outpatients with COVID-19 (mostly in Brazil) who presented within 7 days of symptom onset and had at least one risk factor for progression. Participants were enrolled between June 2021 and February 2022; the most common variants were Delta and Omicron. All participants were randomly assigned to receive a single subcutaneous injection of interferon lambda or placebo; 83% had previously received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine.
Common risk factors …