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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of morbidity in children younger than 2 years and in older adults, with no licensed anti-RSV treatment options or vaccines. In a phase 2b U.S. study, Falsey et al. randomized 5592 older adults (median age, 71; 25% with risk factors for severe RSV-related disease) to receive one injection of placebo or adenovirus-vector vaccine encoding the prefusion stabilized F protein (Ad26.RSV.preF) with recombinant preF protein between August and November 2019. Vaccine efficacy (VE) was 75.0% at preventing the primary endpoint of ≥2 symptoms of RSV-mediated lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), 80.0% at preventing ≥3 symptoms of LRTI, and 69.8% at preventing all RSV-mediated respiratory infections. …