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An increasing number of two-way connections between the gut and brain (“the gut–brain axis”) have been identified during the past 20 years. It has become clear that gut microbes can produce molecules that affect human physiology, and thereby influence vulnerability to various diseases.
A multi-institutional team from Europe and Scandinavia studied 77 women with anorexia nervosa and 70 healthy female controls, analyzing gut microbiota and metabolites in their blood. Differences in the microbiota, including the abundance of particular bacteria, distinguished people with anorexia nervosa from healthy controls. For example, one bacterial family, Christensenellaceae, was more abundant, whereas several Roseburia species were depleted in people wit…