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Up to 50% of men with prostate cancer who undergo curative intent local therapy (surgery/radiotherapy) experience biochemical failure (rising prostate-specific antigen [PSA]). Short PSA doubling times (<9 months) have been shown to correlate with more-rapid disease progression and death from prostate cancer.
Investigators conducted a pharmaceutical-sponsored, multinational, phase 3 study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of enzalutamide plus the luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone agonist leuprolide compared with leuprolide alone in patients with prostate cancer and high-risk biochemical failure.
Eligible patients had PSA doubling times of ≤9 months after definitive local treatment, serum testosterone levels ≥150 ng/dL, and no evidence of…