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Several glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have favorable cardiovascular (CV) effects in patients with type 2 diabetes. In 2023, two industry-sponsored trials suggested that these drugs also improve outcomes in patients with obesity who have CV disease but not diabetes.
One trial involved 18,000 patients with body-mass index (BMI) ≥27 kg/m2 and prior myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or peripheral artery disease; patients with diabetes were excluded. Participants were randomized to weekly injections of semaglutide (titrated to 2.4 mg) or placebo. During average follow-up of about 3 years, incidence of a composite outcome of MI, stroke, or cardiovascular-related death was significantly lower in the semaglutide group than in t…