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Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a common, often severe, complication in individuals who are immunocompromised as a result of HIV infection, solid organ transplantation, or treatment for hematologic malignancies or immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID). However, the influences of these underlying conditions on the characteristics and outcomes of PJP have not been well studied.
French researchers conducted a retrospective analysis involving 481 patients with proven or probable PJP seen at three centers from 2011 through 2021. Immunocompromising conditions included hematologic malignancy (25%), HIV infection (24%), solid organ transplantation (21%), immune-mediated inflammatory disease (18%), and solid tumors (12%). Mean CD4 T-…