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The occurrence of fever in the first few days after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke can be associated with worse outcomes. This effect could be related to occult infection or secondary injury related to the fever itself. Whether prevention of fever can improve outcomes is unclear. In this manufacturer-sponsored trial, patients with acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were assigned at random to active temperature control targeting 37°C or stepped fever treatment when the temperature reached 38°C or above. The active treatment group used a surface cooling device that features temperature-controlled water flowing through gel pads. The primary endpoint was daily fever burden and the main secondary endpoint was shift on the modified Rankin Sc…