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The most common cause of mosquito-borne arboviral infection in the U.S. is West Nile virus. Because most U.S. cases occur between July and October, two recently published articles are especially timely — a narrative review published in JAMA and a systematic review published in Annals of Neurology. The following information, drawn from these articles and from the U.S. CDC website, will be helpful for clinicians in primary care and urgent care settings.
Most West Nile infections are asymptomatic, but about 20% of people with infections have fever and other nonspecific symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, fatigue, myalgia, and headache. The most serious manifestation, neuroinvasive disease, probably occurs in <1% of infected people.
Between 2014 a…