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Several HIV vaccine candidates aimed at eliciting cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses have yielded promising results in primate models. Although these vaccines did not prevent infection, they did control viral replication and abrogate clinical disease progression following challenge with pathogenic viruses. This partial protection correlated with the ability to generate CTL responses. How durable such vaccine-induced CTL responses are, however, remains unknown.
In a follow-up to a previously reported study, researchers provided detailed information on a monkey with late vaccine failure following inoculation with an env/gag plasmid DNA vaccine augmented by an IL-2-IgG fusion protein. In the original study, all control animals died following chal…