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On November 2, 2007, the U.S. Public Health Service released updated guidelines for the prevention of perinatal HIV transmission. For the most part, the guidelines do not advocate any major changes in clinical practice from what was recommended in 2006; the only exception is the new recommendation to avoid nelfinavir in pregnant women and in women of childbearing age because of concerns that the drug contains ethyl methanesulfonate, a known animal teratogen with unknown effects in humans (ACC Sep 24 2007).
This latest iteration of the guidelines is organized into five main sections to better reflect the stages of care for HIV-infected women and their infants: preconception, antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum, and neonatal management. Notabl…