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Tenofovir has become the mainstay of combination antiretroviral regimens, in part because of its favorable toxicity profile. Most clinical trials of this drug have shown a relatively low incidence of renal toxicity, but most have also been limited to populations with normal renal function. Data presented at this year’s International AIDS Conference shed more light on the issue.
In a single-center cohort study of more than 1500 HIV-infected patients, overall rates of renal toxicity did not differ significantly between those who were treated with tenofovir (4.7%) and those who were not (4.2%). Risk factors for nephrotoxicity among tenofovir recipients included hypertension, use of PIs, and use of other potentially nephrotoxic drugs [Castellano…