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Despite the widespread use of potent antiretroviral therapy (ART), the incidence of anal cancer has continued to increase among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM). Anal cancer is preceded by infection with oncogenic genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the development of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). To better understand the acquisition and clearance of anal HPV infection among HIV-infected MSM, investigators initiated the HIPVIRG study in Montreal.
This longitudinal cohort study involved 247 HIV-infected MSM (age range, 18–65; 93% ART experienced). Anal samples were collected for HPV testing and cytology at baseline and then every 6 months for 3 years. High-resolution anoscopy was done annually or — if high-grade AI…