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Enfuvirtide is a potent fusion inhibitor that has been used successfully in patients with highly resistant HIV infection, but the requirement for twice-daily injections makes long-term use challenging. Previous studies of patients replacing enfuvirtide with raltegravir (which is taken orally, twice daily) have been limited by small sample size and lack of a control group. In the present trial (EASIER ANRS 138), 170 patients who achieved viral loads <400 copies/mL with enfuvirtide-containing treatment were randomized to either continue their regimens or substitute raltegravir for the enfuvirtide. (Several of the trial investigators reported ties to the maker of raltegravir.)
By week 24, one patient in each group (1.2%) had experienced virolog…