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Despite the progress that has been made in understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of HIV infection, important questions remain about the effects of HIV on the brain and the protection offered by antiretroviral therapy (ART). Studies presented at the 2010 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections addressed several of these questions.
Does early HIV infection cause brain damage? At least two studies suggested that it does. David Moore and colleagues evaluated 77 patients within the first year after infection (mean, 20 weeks) and found that 26% had evidence of neuropsychological impairment, compared with 29% of chronically infected patients and just 13% of uninfected controls [Abstract 423]. Julia Peterson and colleagues eva…