Transmitted HIV-Drug Resistance in the U.S.

Since late 2007, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has recommended genotypic resistance testing for all patients with newly diagnosed HIV infection. What is the prevalence of resistance in this population, and has it changed over time?

At the 2010 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, David Kim and colleagues reported data collected from 10,496 individuals diagnosed with HIV infection in the U.S. in 2007 [Abstract 580]. Of the 2480 patients with genomic sequencing information available, 16% were found to have at least one HIV-drug resistance mutation. Resistance prevalence was 8% for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), 6% for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and 4% for protea…