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Although anal cancer is not an AIDS-defining malignancy, it is still a prominent HIV-associated problem. The overall rate of anal cancer in HIV-positive individuals has been shown to greatly exceed that seen in the general population, but specific risks and patterns over time have not been completely clarified.
Investigators pooled data from 13 prospective North American outpatient cohorts that included about 34,000 HIV-positive individuals and more than 100,000 HIV-negative individuals with clinical follow-up between 1996 and 2007. The number of new anal cancer cases per 100,000 person-years was found to vary dramatically: 0 among HIV-negative women, 2 among HIV-negative men, 30 among HIV-positive women, 46 among HIV-positive men who did no…