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The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC), with 182,000 participants, is considered the most credible of several randomized trials of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer. Initial findings, published in 2009 after 9 years of follow-up, indicated seven fewer prostate cancer deaths per 10,000 screened men compared with controls. Now, the researchers provide longer-term outcomes.
At 23 years, cumulative prostate cancer mortality was 1.4% in the screening group and 1.6% in the control group, a statistically significant difference that translates into 22 fewer prostate cancer deaths per 10,000 men.
As expected in a screening study, prostate cancer was diagnosed significantly m…