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Reactivation of latent viral infections has been reported both in acute Covid-19 and in long Covid. But most reports were small and conducted at only one point in the illness. A new, year-long longitudinal study included serial assessments of viral activation and multiomic studies (simultaneous measurement of thousands of immune and metabolic molecules) in 1100 patients hospitalized early in the pandemic.
About half of patients had viral reactivation (i.e., actively replicating virus). Several herpesviruses were detected — particularly Epstein–Barr virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, and cytomegalovirus — as well as anelloviruses and enteroviruses; Different viruses tended to reactivate at different points in the illness.
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