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Simulation training is gaining popularity but might not mimic real-life conditions. In a randomized crossover study, 19 highly trained and experienced paramedic teams at a single research center in Norway performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a simulated patient under two different conditions: a control condition without socioemotional stress and an experimental condition with socioemotional stress provided by an on-scene physician friend of the patient who did not speak Norwegian, supplied irrelevant clinical information, and repeatedly questioned the paramedics' resuscitation techniques.
Socioemotional stress (mental demands, physical demands, time pressure, effort, frustration, and achievement) was assessed on a 0 to 100–mm vis…