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Background: Maraviroc is the first antiretroviral agent approved by the FDA that targets a human protein rather than a viral component. HIV entry into CD4 cells requires binding of the viral gp120 molecule to the CD4 receptor on the cell surface and to one of two chemokine coreceptors, CXCR4 or CCR5. Maraviroc selectively binds to CCR5, thereby inhibiting the ability of HIV gp120 to interact with the protein and initiate cell entry. The drug is approved for use in combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in patients infected solely with CCR5-tropic HIV-1 strains that are resistant to multiple antiretroviral agents. CCR5-tropism can be determined using a commercially available assay (Trofile).
Spectrum of Action: Maraviroc was shown to be act…