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In April 2008, the package insert for vancomycin was revised to reflect lower breakpoints for this drug in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. The new breakpoints (≤2 μg/mL for “susceptible”S. aureus, 4–8 μg/mL for S. aureus with “intermediate” susceptibility, and ≥16 μg/mL for “resistant”S. aureus) were set by the FDA and are consistent with those established by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute in 2006. They are based on research showing increasing rates of treatment failure with previously designated breakpoints, a greater ability to detect heterogeneously resistant isolates, and some reports of an upward trend in vancomycin MIC values in S. aureus. The breakpoints for other organisms remain unchanged.