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Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a growing problem, affecting 5% to 20% of patients with transplants or hematologic malignancies. The usual cause of IA is Aspergillus fumigatus, an organism that was originally identified based on the appearance of its colonies and spore-forming structures. However, with more-advanced methods, researchers have determined that A. fumigatus is actually a complex of organisms. This complex includes asexual members (anamorphs; called Aspergillus), some of which may also have sexual forms (teleomorphs; called Neosartorya).
To examine whether Neosartorya udagawae (which is closely related to A. fumigatus) causes a different illness or responds to therapy differently than A. fumigatus sensu stricto, investigators revi…