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Disseminated histoplasmosis has been associated with cellular immune compromise, as occurs among solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Although the incidence of histoplasmosis after SOT is reportedly low, such reports have been based on only a few case series. Now, researchers have examined the incidence of histoplasmosis among SOT recipients at the Cleveland Clinic — a large transplant center in an endemic area.
Among 3436 patients who received an SOT from 1997 through 2007, 29 cases of proven or possible histoplasmosis were identified, based on clinical manifestations and laboratory evidence. Fourteen of the patients developed active histoplasmosis after SOT (incidence rate, 1 case/1000 patient-years; median interval between transplanta…