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Some controversy persists about the potential effect of hormone therapy on cognitive function. Accordingly, researchers conducted the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS; a WHI substudy), in which 2947 women were randomized to receive placebo or conjugated equine estrogen (mean follow-up, 5 years) and 4532 were randomized to receive placebo or CEE plus progestin (mean follow-up, 4 years). All participants (age range, 65-79) were free of probable dementia at baseline.
Risks for probable dementia and for mild cognitive impairment during follow-up were each slightly, but nonsignificantly, higher with CEE alone than with placebo. However, combined data from both the CEE-alone and the CEE-plus-progestin arms showed that women who receiv…